Stomach cancer, also known as gastric cancer, is a condition that can go unnoticed in its early stages, silently advancing until it becomes more severe. When the cancer spreads beyond the stomach to other parts of the body, it is termed metastatic stomach cancer, a diagnosis that can feel overwhelming for patients and their loved ones. But understanding the disease, its progression, and available treatments can empower people to take control of their journey.
What is metastatic stomach cancer?
Metastatic stomach cancer occurs when cancer cells originating in the stomach spread to other organs, such as the liver, lungs, bones, or lymph nodes. This happens because cancer cells break away from the primary tumour and travel through the blood or lymphatic system.
Unlike early-stage stomach cancer, metastatic cancer is more complex to treat, as it affects multiple parts of the body. However, with advancements in medical care, including targeted therapies, patients now have more options to manage the disease.
What are the early signs of stomach cancer?
Early signs of stomach cancer are often subtle and easily mistaken for common digestive issues, which can delay diagnosis. Symptoms may include:
- Persistent indigestion or heartburn
- Unexplained nausea or vomiting
- Feeling full quickly after eating small amounts
- Loss of appetite or unintentional weight loss
- Fatigue or weakness
How does metastatic stomach cancer progress?
The progression of stomach cancer depends on how early it is detected and treated. When stomach cancer advances to a metastatic stage, the cancer cells invade surrounding tissues and organs, making treatment more challenging.
At this stage, symptoms may become more pronounced, such as:
- Severe abdominal pain or discomfort
- Difficulty swallowing
- Blood in vomit or stools
- Swelling in the abdomen
Once cancer has spread, treatments focus on slowing progression, relieving symptoms, and improving the patient’s quality of life.
What treatment options are available for metastatic stomach cancer?
Treatment for metastatic stomach cancer typically involves a combination of approaches aimed at managing the disease and improving survival rates. These options include:
- Chemotherapy: Often used to shrink tumours and slow the spread of cancer cells.
- Targeted Therapy: These advanced treatments target specific molecules in cancer cells. For example, therapies involving therapies like Kadcyla injection composed of Ado-trastuzumab Emtansine are designed to treat cancers that overexpress the HER2 protein.
- Immunotherapy: Stimulates the body’s immune system to attack cancer cells.
- Palliative Care: Focused on managing symptoms, such as pain and nausea, to improve quality of life.
What is the survival rate for stomach cancer?
The stomach cancer survival rate varies significantly depending on the stage at diagnosis. Early-stage stomach cancer has a much higher survival rate, as it is often confined to the stomach lining and is more treatable.
For metastatic stomach cancer, the survival rate tends to be lower because the disease has already spread to other parts of the body. However, recent advancements in treatment have improved outcomes for many patients, offering hope even in advanced stages.
How can early detection make a difference?
Early detection is key to improving outcomes for stomach cancer. Regular check-ups and screenings are especially important for people at higher risk, such as those with a family history of the disease or certain lifestyle factors like smoking and a diet in processed foods.
Healthcare providers may recommend tests like endoscopy or imaging scans if symptoms or risk factors raise concern. When caught early, stomach cancer is more likely to be treated effectively, potentially preventing its progression to a metastatic stage.
What’s next for patients with metastatic stomach cancer?
Though metastatic stomach cancer is a challenging diagnosis, advancements in treatments, including options like Ado-trastuzumab Emtansine, continue to provide hope. Each patient’s journey is unique, and working closely with a medical team can help tailor a plan that addresses their specific needs.
Support from family, friends, and doctors plays a critical role in helping patients navigate the physical and emotional aspects of living with metastatic stomach cancer. Staying informed, maintaining open communication, and focusing on quality of life can make a difference in the journey ahead.
By raising awareness, understanding the importance of early detection, and embracing both medical and emotional support, patients and their families can approach metastatic stomach cancer with strength and resilience.
