Blood pressure is an important indicator of overall health. While we often hear about high blood pressure and its risks, low blood pressure or hypotension can be just as concerning when not managed properly. Many people mistakenly believe that low blood pressure is harmless, but it can lead to dizziness, fainting, and, in extreme cases, organ failure. 

Understanding the signs and natural remedies for low blood pressure can help you manage this condition effectively and lead a healthy life.

What is low blood pressure?

Low blood pressure happens when the pressure of blood against the walls of your arteries is too low to meet your body’s needs. This disease can cause symptoms ranging from mild to severe and may occur suddenly or as a chronic issue. 

• It’s important to recognise the symptoms early to avoid any potential complications.
• The typical blood pressure range for adults is typically around 120/80 mmHg. 
• When blood pressure drops below 90/60 mmHg, it is considered low, though the actual threshold can vary depending on the individual and their health status.

What are the common signs of low blood pressure?

If you’re experiencing low blood pressure, you may notice several warning signs. These can vary from person to person, but some of the most common indicators include:

1. Dizziness and lightheadedness: One of the earliest signs and symptoms of low blood pressure is feeling dizzy or lightheaded, especially when standing up too quickly. This occurs because your brain doesn’t get enough blood, causing the sensation of dizziness or fainting.

2. Fainting: In more extreme cases, low blood pressure can lead to fainting or syncope. This happens when the brain is deprived of oxygen-rich blood, causing you to temporarily lose consciousness.

3. Blurred vision: Another common symptom is blurred or narrowing vision, which can occur when there isn’t enough blood flow to the eyes.

4. Fatigue: Chronic fatigue or feeling unusually tired even after a full night’s rest is often linked to low blood pressure. This is because your body isn't receiving the energy it needs from blood flow, leaving you feeling sluggish.

5. Nausea: If you consistently feel nauseous or experience a lack of appetite, low blood pressure may be to blame. Declined blood flow to the stomach and intestines can affect digestion, causing discomfort and digestive issues.

6. Cold, clammy skin: When blood pressure is low, the body may not be able to regulate temperature properly. As a result, people with hypotension often experience cold and clammy skin, especially on the hands and feet.

7. Shortness of breath and chest pain: Although less common, severe cases of low blood pressure may induce shortness of breath or chest pain. These symptoms may indicate an underlying heart problem, so it’s important to seek medical advice.

What are the causes of low blood pressure?

There are many possible causes of low blood pressure, ranging from lifestyle factors to underlying medical conditions. Comprehending these causes is crucial for identifying the root of the problem and addressing it effectively.

1. Dehydration: When your body loses more water than it takes in, such as from vomiting, diarrhoea, or excessive sweating, you can become dehydrated. This reduces the volume of blood in your system, leading to a drop in blood pressure.

2. Heart problems: Various heart conditions, such as extremely low heart rate (bradycardia), heart valve problems, or heart attack, can cause low blood pressure by affecting your heart’s ability to pump blood effectively.

3. Blood loss: Severe blood loss from an injury or internal bleeding decreases the amount of blood in the body, leading to a drop in blood pressure. This can be life-threatening if not handled promptly.

4. Endocrine problems: Hormonal imbalances caused by issues such as underactive thyroid (hypothyroidism), adrenal insufficiency (Addison’s disease), or low blood sugar can contribute to low blood pressure.

5. Medications: Certain medications, including diuretics, alpha-blockers, and beta-blockers, can lower blood pressure as a side effect. If you’re taking these medications, it’s essential to work with your doctor to ensure your blood pressure is monitored.

6. Severe infections: When an infection enters the bloodstream, it can result in sepsis, a serious disease that can cause a severe drop in blood pressure.

7. Low blood pressure treatment: Most cases of low blood pressure can be controlled with lifestyle changes, but some may require medication. One option is the Midodrive tablet, which contains Midodrine to constrict blood vessels and raise blood pressure. It is typically prescribed for severe hypotension and should be used under a healthcare provider's guidance to ensure the best treatment approach.

What are some natural remedies to manage low blood pressure?

While medications may be necessary in some cases, there are several natural ways to treat low blood pressure and help manage symptoms. Let’s explore some of the most effective natural remedies:

1. Increase fluid intake: Dehydration is one of the leading causes of low blood pressure, so staying hydrated is crucial. Drinking plenty of water throughout the day helps keep the volume of blood in your body and prevents drops in blood pressure.

2. Eat small, frequent meals: Large meals can cause a sudden fall in blood pressure, mainly after eating. Opt for smaller meals throughout the day to avoid this effect. Include protein, complex carbohydrates, and healthy fats to maintain stable blood sugar and energy levels.

3. Increase salt intake: Salt can raise blood pressure, so if your blood pressure is too low, consider incorporating more sodium into your diet (but only under the guidance of a healthcare provider). Foods like pickles, olives, and certain processed foods can be good sources of salt.

4. Wear compression stockings: Compression stockings help reduce the pooling of blood in your legs and improve circulation. Wearing these stockings can be especially helpful if you experience symptoms like dizziness or lightheadedness when standing.

5. Elevate your legs: If you’re feeling lightheaded or faint, elevating your legs above your heart can help improve blood circulation and stabilise blood pressure. Lying down and propping your legs up on a pillow can also have a similar effect.

6. Caffeine in moderation: Caffeine, present in coffee, tea, and certain soft drinks, can temporarily increase blood pressure. While it shouldn’t be relied upon as a long-term solution, a cup of coffee or tea may offer a quick fix if you’re experiencing symptoms of low blood pressure.

7. Balanced diet with nutrient-rich foods: Eating a well-balanced diet with plenty of fresh veggies, fruits, lean protein, and whole grains supports overall health, including blood pressure regulation. Foods high in vitamins B12 and folate are especially important, as they help the body produce red blood cells.

When to see a doctor for low blood pressure?

Although mild low blood pressure may not need medical treatment, you should consult a doctor if you experience frequent or severe symptoms, such as fainting, persistent dizziness, or difficulty breathing. 

In such cases, it’s important to identify any underlying conditions that may be causing the low blood pressure and address them promptly.

Wrapping up

Low blood pressure, though less discussed than high blood pressure, can be serious. Recognising signs like dizziness, fainting, and fatigue is crucial for management. Medications may help, but natural remedies such as staying hydrated, eating smaller meals, and adjusting your diet can also support healthy blood pressure. Always consult a doctor for a personalised treatment plan.