Type 2 diabetes leads to an increase in blood sugar levels, and it is known as adult-onset diabetes. Over a million people are affected by type 2 diabetes. It can lead to major problems if you are not treating it properly. Type 2 diabetes can be managed by controlling the blood sugar level. Lifestyle adjustments like a balanced diet, frequent exercise, and medication can achieve this.

The Role of Diet in Blood Sugar Levels

It can be managed by following a proper diet, which helps to reduce blood sugar levels. Here are some ideas for meals:

1. Intake of Carbohydrates: Focus on complex carbohydrates such as Fruits, vegetables, legumes, and whole grains, which raise blood sugar levels gradually due to their sluggish digestion. 

2. Glycemic Index: Glycemic index (GI) measures the rise in blood level by foods. Lower GI meals are preferable as blood glucose levels increase more gradually.

3. Portion Control: Eating in moderation is essential since consuming too much food might raise blood sugar levels. 

4. Healthy Fats: Since they support heart health and blood sugar regulation, unsaturated fats—like those found in avocados, almonds, and olive oil—are better for you.

Exercise's Effect on Blood Sugar Regulation

Regular physical activity is crucial for the management of Type 2 diabetes. Exercise increases insulin sensitivity, which enhances cellular glucose uptake. Some of the exercises which help to manage blood glucose levels are given below: 

1. Aerobic Exercise: Do aerobic exercises such as brisk walking, jogging, cycling, or swimming for 150 minutes weekly to reduce blood sugar levels and improve cardiovascular health.

2. Strength Training: To enhance muscle development and improve the body's utilization of glucose, incorporate strength training twice or three times a week.

3. Flexibility and Balance: Use balancing activities like yoga or tai chi to improve overall well-being and reduce the risk of falling.

4. Regularity: It's critical to keep up a regular routine that includes exercise in your everyday life.

Medications for the Control of Blood Sugar

It's probable that blood sugar management isn't always achieved by food and exercise alone. Medical experts may suggest medications to manage diabetes. Typical medications include the following:

1. Metformin: It is often prescribed as a blood sugar regulator. Metformin lowers blood glucose levels and increases insulin sensitivity.

2. Sulfonylureas: Sulfonylureas (Gliclazide, Glipizide, and Glyburide) help reduce blood sugar levels by stimulating the pancreas to generate more insulin. 

3. DPP-4 inhibitors: These medications increase the hormone incretin, which helps regulate blood sugar levels. Examples include Linagliptin, Saxagliptin, and Sitagliptin.

4. SGLT-2 inhibitors: By inhibiting the kidneys from reabsorbing glucose and promoting its excretion through urine, these medications lower blood sugar levels. Among them are canagliflozin, dapagliflozin, and empagliflozin.

5. GLP-1 receptor agonists: These medications help to control blood sugar levels by acting. They may also encourage losing weight. Liraglutide, Dulaglutide, Semaglutide, and exenatide are a few examples. Semaglutide comes in a particular format known as Rybelsus 14mg tablet. Rybelsus is a pill that is taken orally once every day. It helps to lower blood sugar levels and also reduces body weight.

6. Insulin: To properly control blood sugar levels, insulin injections may be required in specific circumstances. Insulin comes in various forms, such as premixed, long-acting, and short-acting formulations. A medical practitioner will choose the precise kind and amount of insulin based on each patient's needs.

In summary

Type 2 diabetes can be controlled in several ways. The risk factor can be reduced by proper prevention and diagnosis methods. A well-balanced diet and healthy lifestyle with prescribed medication can effectively maintain it. Always engage with your doctor for personalized treatment.